(Continued from above)
Ashenvale
I agree with Caileanmor on this: the Night Elves are a significant wild card. For all of the advantages their methods, druidism, and their symboitic relationship with nature have brought them, this is still a relatively primitive culture encountering World War I era technology, global trade, and new methods of magic in what is, for them, an incredibly short span of time. It would be like if we suddenly were colonized by aliens who may not necessarily be more advanced than we are in certain areas, but have still mastered space travel, and are undeniably more advanced in other areas. A lot of changes are happening all at once.
This creates two problems: a practical and a political one. Regarding the first, I would imagine that all but the most conservative and traditionalist Night Elves are going white at the prospect of being dominated by other nations, a concept that very much came to the fore during the last war, and which still looms when considering that the Alliance is actually quite capable of influencing their policy against their will.
The political one is one that's played out in RP among the big RP servers since forever ago: traditionally conservative night elves who distrust foreigners and their innovations are facing increasing pressure from those who see merit in the way people in the east are doing things, and from behind with state support of the Highborne's return, as well as the integration of groups who would have been killed on sight just a decade before. This will worsen when demon hunters start running around.
These problems would be bad enough if not for another one: the loss of immortality and the blessings of Nordrassil. It's also difficult, if not impossible, to overstate the severity of this. The specter of disease now looms over a population that just hasn't had to deal with it, for example. Worse still, while the trend has only been documented in those who were around before the War of the Ancients and the blessings of Nozdormu, many of the older Night Elves are starting to feel the effects of old age in an accelerated fashion. If I remember right, Wolfheart even suggested that Tyrande might be going blind. Considering that substantially all of the leadership is in this age range, and that there isn't really a bench of successors to draw from, we could see some intense political upheaval - where again, none has existed for a period of time longer than the lifespans of five Roman empires as measured from the founding of Rome to the fall of Constantinople - in a relatively quick fashion.
Who will emerge? Vacillating Kaldorei apologists who fritter away their country's defenses to the point where war becomes unavoidable? Ultranationalist conservatives hoping to establish a strong Night Elven state by any means necessary? Something in the middle? I don't know, but it would be interesting to find out.
On the other side of the fence, we have the Horde, which is in a period of rebuilding after not being able to find success from a war that was waged to rebuild.
Remember here that during vanilla and BC, yes, the Orcish state was established, but they have had resource problems since their inception. They have always clashed with the Night Elves due to the orcish philosophy of: "we take what we want". No Orcish leader has avoided these conflicts. Notably, after Hyjal, when there was no misunderstanding of where the borders were or who had control of Ashenvale forest - when there was a state of peace between the Night Elves and the Orcs - Thrall either ordered, allowed, and/or condoned continued acts of war in Ashenvale. Garrosh doubled down because the Orcs had another problem: Thrall never set the country up agriculturally to produce for itself, which led to a dire food crisis.
Garrosh, to his credit, implemented strong reforms in that area. Baine's short story confirms that he used the Southfury river for irrigation (despite that he later let the goblins pollute it). Several more farms pop up during his reign. Orcs line the docks for fish. In the barrens, several range-farming operations are set up. He has a firm grasp on the fact that the country needs to produce internally as well. The big open question is: is this enough? If it's not, what are future Horde leaders going to do about it?
There's also another snake in the grass with this problem in particular. When orcs like Garrosh asserted that the Horde was just in launching an invasion for the purposes of stealing resources, there was no opposition, anywhere. Even Varian and the Night Elves somehow could not be asked to take a strong stand against the idea that it's acceptable to butcher your neighbors if they have something you think you need.
(Continued - goodness this is getting long)
Edited by Kyalin on 12/3/2015 7:12 PM PST