Military
Sentinels
The Sentinels is the standing army of the Kaldorei, almost every one of them is female. These warriors are split into a handful of units, from outrunners to soldiers, to archers, to huntresses. The Sentinels are considered one of the best fighting forces on Azeroth, being highly trained and highly disciplined. Outrunners and soldiers act as front line units, with archers bringing up the rear and huntresses commanding, usually interspersed through the ranks.
Wardens
Wardens are an elite group of Night Elf special ops. Wardens are tasked with destroying or capturing dangerous targets that are either too strong or too well hidden for normal Sentinels to apprehend. Wardens have a special weapon called the Umbra Crescent, the unit’s signature circular blade. A Warden would likely have a lengthy military background, even by Night Elves standards.
Armor
There is a stereotype that the Kaldorei military all dress in skimpy outfits. This is only true for light combat units, such as the archer or outrunner. Logically this is because both these units rely on speed and stealth for combat. The warden, huntress and normal foot soldiers of the military wear almost full body plate.
Magic
The Kaldorei only use two types of magic outside of the Highborne. These are holy magic and nature magic. Druids, especially Druids of the Talon, call down the power of the moon and stars, which is classified as holy magic (though Arcane in the game) and use natural magic to make plants grow and to heal wounds. Priestesses use holy magic that comes from their faith in Elune. Wardens have magic, specifically their Blink spell, which comes from their conviction and belief in Elune .
Classes
Priests
Priests and Priestesses are always members of the Temple of Elune. As said above females likely have an advantage over male priests, the women having decades or centuries of practice. Shadow Priests are not yet explained by Kaldorei lore, though one could argue that Shadow Priests do not necessarily use darkness and evil, but instead manipulate mental force to harm a foe.
Mages
The Highborne are ancient Night Elves who were exiled from their home after refusing to stop practicing arcane magic. They have returned and it should be said that other races, specifically the Blood Elves, have them beat in magical progression. The majority of Kaldorei society would still outright fear the Highborne and anyone who practices the arcane.
Rogues
Kaldorei assassins are rarely just that, a vast majority of rogues would be recruited into The Sentinels, where their skills would be put toward spying and reconnaissance.
Druids
Druids are a large part of Kaldorei culture, the Cenarion Enclave having slightly less power than the Temple of the Moon. Female druids are normally lower on the chain than males due to a lack of time spent in the Emerald Dream. There are two female Archdruids though both are doing ambassadorial duties. Take that as you will.
Druids are split into various branches of druidism; Pack, Claw, Talon, Fang and Wild. Druids of the Claw draw strength from the bear twins and take on bear forms and often wear pelts of those animals to connect with their spirit. Druids of the Talon revere Avianna have an affinity with birds of prey. Druids of the Pack attempted to imitate Goldrinn and became the first Worgen, their branch is discontinued. Druids of the Fang took on snake forms, they were perverted by the power of the Wailing Caverns and had to be put down. Druids of the Wild take on aspects of other animals, such as Nightsabers and aquatic forms.
Hunters
Like rogues, hunters likely are recruits of the Sentinels if they’re female. Kaldorei archers are said to be some of the most skilled in the world, only rivalled by Blood Elf rangers. Traditional animal companions of Night Elf hunters are sabers and owls.
Warriors
Female warriors are likely a member of the Sentinels while males are either freelance or part of the Cenarion Circle. Kaldorei warriors prefer to be quick on their feet instead of fighting through brute force, though they are certainly capable of it. The backbone of both the Cenarion and Darnassian armies are the warrior.
Death Knight
Kaldorei Death Knights are pariahs, even more so than human death knights. Night Elves revere nature and undeath is at odds with nature. The vast majority of Night Elves would likely shun or even act hostile toward a Night Elf who is undead. The death knight itself is likely even more bitter and self loathing than usual. I would not count it out that there was a mass suicide of Night Elf death knights after their freedom, many not even wanting to continue on in such a state.